Name: Knowunity
Brand: Knowunity

Português (Portugal)

https://content-eu-central-1.knowunity.com/CONTENT/01963bbe-13f6-7fa1-8df6-326cbe1ace88_COMPRESSED.pdf

01963bbe-13f6-7fa1-8df6-326cbe1ace88

Redação

Sasha Silva

Portugal

Escola Secundária

Inglês

Legal Status of embryos

"The embryo is a stage of early development when the animal is still inside the egg or in the
mother's uterus." When it comes to applying this concept to humans, the embryo can be applied
to an unborn child as soon as it is conceived and up until the seventh week. After this stage, the
embryo becomes a foetus.
It is important to understand the legal implications of handling embryos in areas such as in
vitro fertilisation and stem cell research to ensure that the correct procedures are followed and
thus avoiding conflict between couples, couples and the law, doctors and the law, and even the
degradation of the embryo itself. There are inherent risks with the whole transfer process of
embryos through IVF, as the removal of the cell could damage the embryo and cause serious
and irreparable complications for the future children that will come as a result of this process,
but even before this process can begin, we are posed with innumerable questions with regard
to going ahead with the transfer and thawing process.
Using some real-life cases, we can look at the Davis v Davis case from 1992. This case was the
first legal dispute about the usage of frozen embryos in which Mary Sue Davis and Junior
Lewis Davis decided to get a divorce but could not agree on the custody of the seven frozen
embryos. While Mary Sue Davis wanted to proceed with the transfer of the embryos into her
uterus, Junior Lewis Davis was not keen on becoming a father outside the boundaries of
marriage. At first, the Supreme Court of Tennessee awarded custody to then Mrs Davis, basing
this decision on their determination of what an embryo is. The Supreme Court considered that
the frozen embryos were "human beings" from the moment they were fertilised, and so, they
could be implanted because they were already existing lives. However, the Court of Appeals
reversed this decision after seeing that Junior Lewis Davis had a "constitutionally protected
right not to beget a child where no pregnancy has taken place". There was also a general
consensus that there was no adamant need to go ahead with the implantation of the embryos
without mutual consent.
The fact is that both Mary Sue (now Mary Sue Stowe) and Junior Lewis Davis have remarried
and have no desire to implant the frozen embryos, but the discussion later changed. Mary Sue
wished to donate the frozen embryos to people who could not have children, while Junior Lewis
Davis preferred to see them discarded. Based on the ruling of the Court of Appeals, this case
was decided in favour of the Appellee, Jr. Lewis Davis, and the Knoxville Fertility Clinic was
free to deal with these pre-embryos how they normally would in a situation where they were
unused, as long as this was not in conflict with the Court's decision. This case set a precedent
in the United States for future cases encompassing the same scope. It also set a guideline for
issues of consent and autonomy with regards to medically assisted reproduction.
Dolly, the cloned sheep (1996), was a turning point for redefining the term "embryo" in which
the mixture of genetic material made it "possible to conceive an adult mammal". The original
definition of embryo was not applicable to Dolly because Dolly never came from an actual
embryo, she was the product of a differentiated organism that reverted to a pluripotent state
and developed into a fully developed organism, which challenged the understanding of
embryos and their development up until that point. There was a need to expand the definition
to include the possibilities of production by fertilisation and other techniques too. After the
creation of Dolly, the discussion on reproductive technologies was completely changed. --- OCR Start ---
Britannica, 2019, Encyclopaedia. Retrieved from: https://www.britannica.com/science/embryo-human-
and-animal
"https://biotech.law.lsu.edu/cases/cloning/davis_v_davis.htm
https://biotech.law.lsu.edu/cases/cloning/davis_v_davis.htm
Beriain, Rueda and Villalba, 2024; Iñigo, Jon and Adrian. Redefining the human embryo: a legal
perspective on the creation of embryos in research. Retrieved from:
https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.1038/s44319-023-00034-0
--- OCR End ---

Legal Status of embryos

Não encontra o que procura? Explore outras disciplinas.

Knowunity é o app de educação nº 1 em cinco países europeus

Knowunity foi destaque da Apple e tem liderado consistentemente as paradas da App Store na categoria educação na Alemanha, Itália, Polônia, Suíça e Reino Unido. Junte-se ao Knowunity hoje e ajude milhões de estudantes ao redor do mundo.

4.9+

17 M

#1

950 K+

Ainda não tem certeza? Veja o que seus colegas estão dizendo...

Eu amo muito esse app [...] Recomendo o Knowunity para todos!!! Passei de C para A com ele :D

O aplicativo é muito simples e bem projetado. Até agora encontrei tudo que estava procurando :D

Amo este App ❤️, eu o uso praticamente o tempo todo quando estou estudando

Legal Status of embryos

Cadastre-se para ter acesso ilimitado a milhares de materiais de estudo. É grátis!

Cadastre-se para ter acesso ilimitado a milhares de materiais de estudo. É grátis!

Não encontra o que procura? Explore outras disciplinas.

Knowunity é o app de educação nº 1 em cinco países europeus

Knowunity foi destaque da Apple e tem liderado consistentemente as paradas da App Store na categoria educação na Alemanha, Itália, Polônia, Suíça e Reino Unido. Junte-se ao Knowunity hoje e ajude milhões de estudantes ao redor do mundo.

4.9+

17 M

#1

950 K+

Ainda não tem certeza? Veja o que seus colegas estão dizendo...

Eu amo muito esse app [...] Recomendo o Knowunity para todos!!! Passei de C para A com ele :D

O aplicativo é muito simples e bem projetado. Até agora encontrei tudo que estava procurando :D

Amo este App ❤️, eu o uso praticamente o tempo todo quando estou estudando